HIV-specific IL-21 producing CD4+ T cells are induced in acute and chronic progressive HIV infection and are associated with relative viral control.

Comment on "HIV-specific IL-21 producing CD4+ T cells are induced in acute and chronic progressive HIV infection and are associated with relative viral control".

HCV Specific IL-21 Producing T Cells but Not IL-17A Producing T Cells Are Associated with HCV Viral Control in HIV/HCV Coinfection

BACKGROUND Decreased hepatitis C virus (HCV) clearance, faster cirrhosis progression and higher HCV RNA levels are associated with Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection. The CD4+ T helper cytokines interleukin (IL)-21 and IL-17A are associated with virus control and inflammation, respectively, both important in HCV and HIV disease progression. Here, we examined how antigen-specific pro...

Induction of Gag-specific CD4 T cell responses during acute HIV infection is associated with improved viral control.

UNLABELLED Effector CD4 T cell responses have been shown to be critically involved in the containment and clearance of viral pathogens. However, their involvement in the pathogenesis of HIV infection is less clear, given their additional role as preferred viral targets. We previously demonstrated that the presence of HIV-specific CD4 T cell responses is somewhat associated with HIV control and ...

Assessment of HTLV-I proviral load, HIV viral load and CD4 T cell count in infected subjects; with an emphasis on viral replication in co-infection

  Objective(s): HTLV-I and HIV virus quantification is an important marker for assessment of virus activities. Since there is a direct relationship between the number of virus and disease progression, HTLV- I and HIV co-infection might have an influence on the development of viral associated diseases, thus, viral replication of these viruses and co-infection were evaluated.   Materials and...

Loss of HIV-1–specific CD8+ T Cell Proliferation after Acute HIV-1 Infection and Restoration by Vaccine-induced HIV-1–specific CD4+ T Cells

Virus-specific CD8(+) T cells are associated with declining viremia in acute human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)1 infection, but do not correlate with control of viremia in chronic infection, suggesting a progressive functional defect not measured by interferon gamma assays presently used. Here, we demonstrate that HIV-1-specific CD8(+) T cells proliferate rapidly upon encounter with cognate ant...